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280. "and if (the debtor) is in straitness,
then grant a respite until the time of ease; and if you remit it as
charity it is better for you, if you but know."

commentary:
concerning this verse, it is necessary to note that although giving
a respite to the debtor is recommended, here, the debtor should not
misuse this matter, because if he delays paying his debt without having
any plausible excuse, he is counted a sinner.

an islamic narration says that those who do not pay their debt
without any excuse will be recorded sinful the same as it is recorded for
a thief ; and for the givers of respite, a reward will be recorded similar to
that of martyrs.

explanations:
1. not only do refrain from taking interest, but also give a respite
for taking the capital, even.

2. the capability of the debtor is the base for the length of time in
repayment of the debt.

"... then grant a respite until the time of ease; ..."

3. islam is a supporter for the indigent.

" and if (the debtor) is in straitness, ..."

4. remittal, due to the insolvent debtor, is better for you, because
it may happen that you will be in the same situation in future.

"... and if you remit it as charity it is better for you, ..."

5. taking the capital will be forgotten, but remittal to an insolvent
debtor will never be forgetable.

6. gaining the indigent's consent and the pleasure of allah are
much better than gaining wealth.

"... if you but know."

7. in religious jurisprudence, putting the excused debtor in prison
is forbidden. in cases that a debtor is not really able to pay his debt, it is
to the islamic government to pay that debt.

8. in islamic literature, it is said that every day that the debtor is
given respite, the reward of the charity of the same amount of money is
to allah to be recorded for the creditor."
1


1 tafsir-ul-burhan, vol. 1, p. 260.