Velarization (Heaviness)
and Lightness 
Part 3
Letters that are Lightened Sometimes and are Made Heavy Other Times
This lesson continues explaining which letters sometimes have
tafkheem and sometimes tarqeeq, and the circumstances for each case. This
lesson will discuss the cases of tafkheem for the letter 
.
Tafkheem of the letter
The has 8 cases
in which it has tafkheem, 4 cases in which it has tarqeeq, and 2 cases that
allow either tafkheem or tarqeeq.
The Eight cases in which the has
tafkheem:
1. If it has a fat-hah, such as in 
2. If it is saakinah and before the is a letter
with a fat-ha, as in:
3. If it is saakinah and the letter before it has a sukoon,
and the letter before that has a fat-h, as when stopping on the word: 
Click here to listen
4. If it has a dhammah, as in : 
Click here to listen
5. If it ( ), has a
sukoon, and the letter before it has a dhammah, such as in : 
Click here to listen
6. If the is saakinah,
preceded by a saakin, which is preceded by a dhammah. As when stopping on the
word: 
. Click here to listen
7. If the is saakinah and
preceded by a presented kasrah ( this is in the hamzah wasl). The is pronounced
with tafkheem when preceded by hamzah wasl, if we start on the hamzah wasl with
a kasrah, or if continuing from the previous word. Examples: 
8. If the is saakinah
and before is a kasrah, and after the a letter of 
that
does NOT have a kasrah; meaning it has any vowel (including the sukoon) except
a kasrah. As in: 
These then are the eight circumstances for tafkheem of the letter . In the next
lesson, insha’ Allah, we will discuss the circumstances for tarqeeq of the
letter .