Charity
فيما ينطبق علی وجوب الزکاة
الأولی ـ قوله تعالی :
ليس البرّ أن تولّوا وجوهکم قبل المشرق و المغرب و لکنّ البرّ من آمن بالله و اليوم الآخر و الملائکة و الکتاب و النبيّين و آتی المال علی حبِّه ذوي القربی و اليتامی و المساکين وابن السبيل و السائلين و في الرقاب و أقام الصلاة و آتی الزکاة و الموفون يعهدهم اذا عاهدوا و الصابرين في البأساء و الضرّاء و حين البأس أولئک الذين صدقوا و أولئک هم المتقون .
It is not righteousness that ye turn your faces Towards east or West; but it is righteousness- to believe in Allah and the Last Day, and the Angels, and the Book, and the Messengers; to spend of your substance, out of love for Him, for your kin, for orphans, for the needy, for the wayfarer, for those who ask, and for the ransom of slaves; to be steadfast in prayer, and practice regular charity; to fulfill the contracts which ye have made; and to be firm and patient, in pain (or suffering) and adversity, and throughout all periods of panic. Such are the people of truth, the Allah-fearing.
(Al-Baqarah, 177)
الثانية ـ قوله تعالی :
ذلک الکتاب لا ريب فيه هدی للمتقين * الذين يؤمنون بالغيب و يقيمون الصلاة و مما رزقناهم ينفقون .
This is the Book; in it is guidance sure, without doubt, to those who fear Allah; Who believe in the Unseen, are steadfast in prayer, and spend out of what We have provided for them;
(Al-Baqarah, 2-3)
الثالثة ـ قوله تعالی
الذين يقيمون الصلاة ومما رزقناهم ينفقون * أولئک هم المؤمنون حقاً لهم درجات عند ربهم و مغفرة و رزق کريم .
Who establish regular prayers and spend (freely) out of the gifts We have given them for sustenance: Such in truth are the believers: they have grades of dignity with their Lord, and forgiveness, and generous sustenance:
(AL-ANFAL 3-4)
الرابعة ـ قوله تعالی :
و الذين استجابوا لربهم و أقاموا الصلاة و أمرهم شوری بينهم و مما رزقناهم ينفقون .
Those who hearken to their Lord, and establish regular Prayer; who (conduct) their affairs by mutual Consultation; who spend out of
what We bestow on them for Sustenance;
(A L SHUARA)
في المتعلق
و فيه آیات ؛ الأولی ـ قوله تعالی :
يا أيها الذين آمنوا إنّ کثيراً من الأحبار و الرهبان ليأکلون أموال الناس بالباطل و يصدّون عن سبيل الله و الذين يکنزون الذهب و الفضة و لا ينفقونها في سبيل الله فبشّرهم بعذاب أليم * يوم يحمی عليها في نار جهنّم فتکوی بها جباههم و جنوبهم و ظهورهم هذا ما کنزتم لأنفسکم فذوقوا ما کنتم تکنزون .
O ye who believe! there are indeed many among the priests and anchorites, who in Falsehood devour the substance of men and hinder (them) from the way of Allah. And there are those who bury gold and silver and spend it not in the way of Allah: announce unto them a most grievous penalty-On the Day when heat will be produced out of that (wealth) in the fire of Hell, and with it will be branded their foreheads, their flanks, and their backs, their flanks, and their backs.- "This is the (treasure) which ye buried for yourselves: taste ye, then, the (treasures) ye buried!"
AL-TAWBA 34-35))
الثانية ـ قوله تعالی :
انّ الانسان خلق هلوعا * اذا مسّه الشرّ جزوعا * و اذا مسّه الخير منوعا * إلا المصلّين * الذي« هم علی صلاتهم دائمون * والذين في أموالهم حق معلوم * للسائل و المحروم .
Truly man was created very impatient;- For the (needy) who asks and him who is prevented (for some reason from asking);
AL-MAARIJ 19-25
الثالثة ـ قوله تعالی :
و هو الذي أنشأ جنات معروشات و غير معروشات والنخل و الزرع مختلفاً دکله و الزيتون و الرمان متشابهاً و غير متشابه کلوا من ثمره اذا أثمر و آتوا حقه يوم حصاده و لا تسرفوا إنه لا يحبّ المسرفين .
It is He Who produceth gardens, with trellises and without, and dates, and tilth with produce of all kinds, and olives and pomegranates, similar (in kind) and different (in variety): eat of their fruit in their season, but render the dues that are proper on the day that the harvest is gathered. But waste not by excess: for Allah
loveth not the wasters.
(AL-ANAAM-141)
في مصرف الزکاة
و فيه آية :
إنما الصدقات للفقراء و المساکين و العاملين عليها و المؤلفة قلوبهم و في الرقاب و الغارمين و في سبيل الله و ابن السبيل فريضة من الله و الله عليم حکيم .
Alms are for the poor and the needy, and those employed to administer the (funds); for those whose hearts have been (recently) reconciled (to Truth); for those in bondage and in debt; in the cause of Allah; and for the wayfarer: (thus is it) ordained by Allah, and Allah is full of knowledge and wisdom.
(AL-TAWBA-60)
کيفية إيتاء الزکاة
أما القسم الأول فآياته :
الأولی ـ قوله تعالی :
الذين ينفقون أموالهم في سبيل الله ثم لا يتبِعون ما انفقوا مَنّاً و لا أذیً لهم أجرهم عند ربهم و لا خوفٌ عليهم و لا هم يحزنون .
Those who spend their substance in the cause of Allah, and follow not up their gifts with reminders of their generosity or with injury,-for them their reward is with their Lord: on them shall be no fear, nor shall they grieve.
(AL-BAQARA-262)
الثانية ـ قوله تعالی :
يا أيها الذين آمنوا لا تُبطِلوا صدقاتِکم بالمنّ و الأذی کالذي ينفق ماله رئاء الناس و لا يؤمن بالله و اليوم الآخر فَمَثلهُ کَمثل صفوانٍ عليه تراب فأصابه وابل فترکه صلداً لا يقدرون علی شيء مما کسبوا والله لا يهدي القوم الکافرين .
O ye who believe! cancel not your charity by reminders of your generosity or by injury,- like those who spend their substance to be seen of men, but believe neither in Allah nor in the Last Day. They are in parable like a hard, barren rock, on which is a little soil: on it falls heavy rain, which leaves it (Just) a bare stone. They will be able to do nothing with aught they have earned. And Allah guideth not those who reject faith.
(AL-BAQARA-264)
الثالثة ـ قوله تعالی :
... و ما تُنفقوا من خير فلأنفسکم و ما تنفقون إلا ابتغاء وجه الله و ما تُنفقوا من خير يُوفّ اليکم و أنتم لا تُظلمون .
It is not required of thee (O Messenger), to set them on the right path, but
Allah sets on the right path whom He pleaseth. Whatever of good ye give benefits
your own souls, and ye shall only do so seeking the "Face" of Allah. Whatever
good ye give, shall be rendered back to you, and ye shall not Be dealt with
unjustly.
(AL-BAQARA-272)
الرابعة ـ قوله تعالی :
و ما آتيتم من رباً ليربوَ في أموال الناس فلا يربوا عندالله و ما آتيتم من زکاة تُريدون وجه الله فأولئک هم المُضعِفون .
That which ye lay out for increase through the property of (other) people, will have no increase with Allah: but that which ye lay out for charity, seeking the Countenance of Allah, (will increase): it is these who will get a recompense multiplied.
(AL-ROOM-39)
و أما في القسم الثاني و هي قوله تعالی :
للفقراء الذين أُحصِروا في سبيل الله لا يستطيعون ضرباً في الأرض يحسبهم الجاهل أغنياء من التعفف تعرفهم بسيماهم لا يسألون الناس إلحَافاً و ما تُنفقوا من خير فإنّ الله به عليم .
(Charity is) for those in need, who, in Allah's cause are restricted (from travel), and cannot move about in the land, seeking (For trade or work): the ignorant man thinks, because of their modesty, that they are free from want. Thou shalt know them by their (Unfailing) mark: They beg not importunately from all the sundry. And whatever of good ye give, be assured Allah knoweth it well.
(AL-BAQARA-273)
الثالثة ـ قوله تعالی :
... و ما تُنفقوا من خير فلأنفسکم و ما تنفقون إلا ابتغاء وجه الله و ما تُنفقوا من خير يُوفّ اليکم و أنتم لا تُظلمون .
It is not required of thee (O Messenger), to set them on the right path, but Allah sets on the right path whom He pleaseth. Whatever of good ye give benefits your own souls, and ye shall only do so seeking the "Face" of Allah. Whatever good ye give, shall be rendered back to you, and ye shall not Be dealt with unjustly.
(AL-BAQARA-272)
الرابعة ـ قوله تعالی :
و ما آتيتم من رباً ليربُوَ في أموال الناس فلا يربو عندالله و ما آتيتم من زکاة تُريدون وجه الله فأولئک هم المُضعِفون .
That which ye lay out for increase through the property of (other) people, will have no increase with Allah: but that which ye lay out for charity, seeking the Countenance of Allah, (will increase): it is these who will get a recompense multiplied.
(AL-ROOM-39)
و أما في القسم الثاني و هي قوله تعالی :
للفقراء الذين أُحصِروا في سبيل الله لا يستطيعون ضرباً في الأرض يحسبهم الجاهل أغنياء من التعفف تعرفهم بسيماهم لا يسألون الناس إلحَافاً و ما تُنفقوا من خير فإن الله به عليم .
Charity is) for those in need, who, in Allah's cause are restricted (from travel), and cannot move about in the land, seeking (For trade or work): the ignorant man thinks, because of their modesty, that they are free from want. Thou shalt know them by their (Unfailing) mark: They beg not importunately from all the sundry. And whatever of good ye give, be assured Allah knoweth it well.
(AL-BAQARA-273)
و أما القسم الثالث :
الأولی ـ قوله تعالی :
يا أيها الذين آمنوا أنفقوا من طيّبات ما کسبتم و مما أخرجنا لکم من الأرض و لا تيمّموا الخبيث منه تنفقون و لستم بآخذيه إلا أن تغمضوا فيه و اعلموا أن الله غنيٌّ حميد .
ye who believe! Give of the good things which ye have (honourably) earned, and of the fruits of the earth which We have produced for you, and do not even aim at getting anything which is bad, in order that out of it ye may give away something, when ye yourselves would not receive it except with closed eyes. And know that Allah is Free of all wants, and worthy of all praise.
(AL-BAQARA-267)
الثانية ـ قوله تعالی :
لن تنالوا البرّ حتی تُنفقوا مما تحبّون و ما تنفقوا من شيء فان الله به عليم .
By no means shall ye attain righteousness unless ye give (freely) of that which ye love; and whatever ye give, of a truth Allah knoweth it well.
(AL-E-IMRAN-92)