the qur'an possesses revelation and exegesis
we shall discuss the word, exegesis, ta'wil, in relation to three
qur'anic verses. firstly, in the verses concerning the implicit mutashabih
and the explicit verses: But those in whose hearts is doubt pursue,
in truth, that which is allegorical talking dissension by seeking to explain
it. none knows its explanation except god. [iii:7]
secondly, the verses, In truth we have brought them a scripture
which we expound with knowledge, a guidance and a mercy for a people who
believe. do they await anything but the fulfilment of it.
(here the word ta'wil is used connoting the appearance or clarification
of meaning). On the day when the fulfilment of it comes, those who
are forgetful of it will say: the messenger of our lord brought the truth
[vii:52-53].
thirdly, the verse, And this Qur'an is not such as could ever
be invented ... but they denied that, the knowledge of which they could
not encompass and the interpretation (ta'wil) of which had not yet come
to them. Even so it was that those before them deny. Then see what was
the consequence in the wrongdoers. [x:37-39].
in conclusion, we should note that the word exegesis ta'wil comes
from the word awl, meaning a return. as such, ta'wil indicates that
particular meaning towards which the verse is directed. The meaning of
revelation tanzil, as opposed to ta'wil, is clear or according to
the obvious meaning of the words as they were revealed.