part
section 10
everliving testimony to the truth of islam
attaining to goodness demands sacrifice ö main features of
abraham's religion from the basis of islam ö the first house of blessings
and guidance to the worlds.
92. " you will never attain righteousness unless you spend out of what you love;
and whatever thing you spend, surely allah is well aware of it."
commentary:
in this verse, the qur'an points to one of the signs of faith in a
believer. it says:
" you will never attain righteousness unless you spend out of what you love;..."
the arabic term /birr/ has a vast meaning which covers all good
deeds irrespective of belief and pious deeds. as it is understood from sura
al-baqarah, no. 2, verse 177, belief in allah, belief in the resurrection
day, belief in prophets, helping the indigent, prayer and fasting, to fulfil
the promise, and to be steadfast in confronting with problems and
adventures, all in all, are counted the branches of righteousness.
therefore, to attain the rank of righteousness needs many qualities.
one of those qualities is spending out from the possessions that are loved
by that person. this kind of giving charity is a standard for measuring the
faith and personality of the person.
to attract the attention of the givers of charity, at the end of the
verse, it says:
" ... and whatever thing you spend, surely allah is well aware of it."
the believers and giving charity:
1. abu-talhah ansari had the largest number of date trees in medina
when his garden was his most beloved thing for him. this garden was
located in front of the prophet's mosque wherein there was a spring with
wholesome water. sometimes the prophet (p.b.u.h.) entered that garden
and drunk water from the spring. the garden was so beautiful and
splendid with a great income that people commonly spoke well of it. when
the above verse was sent down, abu-talhah went to the prophet (p.b.u.h.)
and said:
" the most beloved things with me is this garden. i want to give it in
charity in the way of allah."
the holy prophet (p.b.u.h.) said:
" well done! this is a wealth which
will be of profit for you."
then the messenger of allah (p.b.u.h.) continued saying:
" we have
accepted it from you but we return it back to you in order that you give it to
your own relatives as alms. " he accepted it and divided the garden among
them willingly.
1
2. when hadrat fatimah zahra (a.s.) was going to go to her
husband's house at her wedding night, a beggar asked her for a worn out
dress. she (a.s.), remembering the above verse, gave in charity the same
new dress which was for her wedding. 2
3. once it happened that a guest came to abuthar qafari. then he
told the guest since he was busy at that time and he had some camels, then
the guest would go out and bring him the best of them. so he went and
came back with a thin camel. then abuthar told him that he was not
faithful to him with that camel. the guest replied that he found the best
camel, but he thought of the future day he would need it. then abuthar
said: " verily my needy day to it will be the day i will be put inside my grave,
since allah says: ` you will never attain righteousness unless you spend out of
what you love; '." 3
4. once it happened that `abdullah-ibn ja`far, a rather rich but
gracious muslim, entered a palm-plantation where a black slave was
working. at the time of food, a dog came inside the garden and
approached the slave. then he threw a loaf of bread for the dog, and it ate
it. after that the slave threw the second and the third loaves of bread for
the dog one after another, and it ate both of them, too.
`abdullah, standing looking at the slave, asked him how much his
everyday food was, and the slave answered:
" that which you saw."
`abdullah said:
" why did you donate (the whole your food) to this dog ? " the
slave replied that the dog was not from that region and had come from a
distanced place while it was hungry, so he (the slave) did not like to return
it.
`abdullah said that the slave was more gracious than him. then, he
bought the palm-plantation with all its equipments including the slave. he
let him be free (not to be slave any more) when he donated him all the
garden and the equipments, too.4
1 sahih-bukhari, vol. 4, p. 395, kitabul-wasaya, 623, beirut edition, darul-qalam, 1987.
2 nuzhat-ul-majalis, vol. 4, p. 226.
3
majma`-ul-bayan, vol. 2, p. 474.
4 tafsir, almanar, vol. 3, p. 376.
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